Quinocetone

Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage[1][2][3][4].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[81810-66-4]

UNSPSC

12352005

Hazard Statement

H315, H319, H335, H341

Target

Antibiotic; Apoptosis; ATF6; Autophagy; Bacterial; DAPK; Heme Oxygenase (HO) ; Keap1-Nrf2; NF-κB; NO Synthase; Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Type

Reference compound

Related Pathways

Anti-infection; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Cell Cycle/DNA Damage; Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; NF-κB

Applications

COVID-19-immunoregulation

Field of Research

Infection; Inflammation/Immunology

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/quinocetone.html

Purity

98.00

Solubility

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

O=C(C1=C(C)[N+]([O-])=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]1[O-])/C=C/C3=CC=CC=C3

Molecular Formula

C18H14N2O3

Molecular Weight

306.32

Precautions

H315, H319, H335, H341

References & Citations

[1]Zhao Y, et al. In vitro antimicrobial activities of animal-used quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides against mycobacteria, mycoplasma and fungi. BMC Vet Res. 2016 Sep 6;12 (1) :186. |[2]Zhou Y, et al. Quinocetone triggered ER stress-induced autophagy via ATF6/DAPK1-modulated mAtg9a trafficking. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2016 Apr;32 (2) :141-52. |[3]Yang W, et al. Quinocetone triggers oxidative stress and induces cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human peripheral lymphocytes of both genders. J Sci Food Agric. 2013 Apr;93 (6) :1317-25.|[4]Yu M, et al. Quinocetone-induced Nrf2/HO-1 pathway suppression aggravates hepatocyte damage of Sprague-Dawley rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2014 Jul;69:210-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.026. Epub 2014 Apr 30. PMID: 24795230.