Xanthine oxidase-IN-21

Xanthine oxidase-IN-21, a Genipin derivative, is an orally effective mixed competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XOD) with an IC50 of 0.68 μM. It alleviates renal fibrosis by reducing α-SMA expression and modulates the NF-κB pathway to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Additionally, Xanthine oxidase-IN-21 suppresses the expression of URAT1 and GLUT9, promoting uric acid excretion and lowering serum uric acid levels. This compound exhibits significant hepatorenal protective effects and can be used in research on hyperuricemia.