Uperolein

Uperolein is a physalaemin-like endecapeptide, produced in the skin of Uperoleia rugosa and Uperoleia marmorata. Uperolein has a spasmodic effect on both the gastrointestinal tract and longitudinal muscles[1][2][3].

O=C(N(CCC1)[C@@H]1C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(NCC(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@H](C(N)=O)CCSC)=O)=O)=O)CC(C=C2)=CC=C2O)=O)CC3=CC=CC=C3)=O)=O)=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC([C@H](CCC4)N4C([C@@H](N5)CCC5=O)=O)=O

[1]Poulter L, et al. Levitide, a neurohormone-like peptide from the skin of Xenopus laevis. Peptide and peptide precursor cDNA sequences. J Biol Chem. 1988 Mar 5;263(7):3279-83. |[2]Anastasi A, et al. Structure of uperolein, a physalaemin-like endecapeptide occurring in the skin of Uperoleia rugosa and Uperoleia marmorata. Experientia. 1975 Apr 15;31(4):394-5.|[3]Zappia L, et al. Effects of natural analogues of substance P on the motility of human gastrointestinal tract in vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1978 Sep;30(9):593-4. |[4]Bertaccini G, et al. Action of some natural peptides on the stomach of the anaesthetized rat. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1977 Jun;298(2):163-6.