L-Cystine disodium monohydrate

L-Cystine disodium monohydrate is the orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine found in plant and animal proteins. It enhances the expression of the Nrf2 protein and activates the Nrf2 transcription factor. Additionally, L-Cystine disodium monohydrate decreases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and safeguards cells from oxidant or Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. When used with L-theanine, it boosts the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and Th2-mediated responses. L-Cystine disodium monohydrate shows potential for research into cystinosis and kidney stones.