AF-45

AF-45 inhibits IRAK4 and IRAK1 with IC50 values of 128 nM and 1765 nM, respectively. It suppresses the release of IL-6 and TNF-α in macrophages, with IC50 ranges of 0.53-1.54 μM and 0.6-2.75 μM, respectively. Additionally, AF-45 acts as an inhibitor of the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. In mouse models, AF-45 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. In rat models, AF-45 demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetic properties.