4-Octylphenol

4-Octylphenol (CAS 1806-26-4) is an endocrine-disrupting compound used in research to model toxicological effects. It impairs male germ cell proliferation, induces gill inflammation in fish via complement activation (C3a/C3aR, C5a/C5aR1), and disrupts T-cell balances (Th1/Th2, Treg/Th17) and the TLR7/IκBα/NF-κB pathway, making it applicable for in vivo and in vitro studies in endocrinology, immunology, and ecotoxicology.