D-Kynurenine

D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) [1][2][3][4].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[13441-51-5]

UNSPSC

12352005

Hazard Statement

H302, H315, H319, H335

Target

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor; Endogenous Metabolite

Type

Natural Products

Related Pathways

Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease

Applications

Cancer-programmed cell death

Field of Research

Cancer

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/d-kynurenine.html

Purity

99.94

Solubility

H2O : 5 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; heat to 60°C)

Smiles

O=C(C(C=CC=C1)=C1N)C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O

Molecular Formula

C10H12N2O3

Molecular Weight

208.22

Precautions

H302, H315, H319, H335

References & Citations

[1]Wang XD, et al. A method for the determination of D-kynurenine in biological tissues. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013 Dec;405 (30) :9747-54.|[2]Irukayama-Tomobe Y, et al. Aromatic D-amino acids act as chemoattractant factors for human leukocytes through a G protein-coupled receptor, GPR109B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 10;106 (10) :3930-4.|[3]Kozaki A, et al. Fluorimetric assay for D-amino acid oxidase activity in rat brain homogenate by using D-kynurenine as a substrate. Biosci Trends. 2012 Oct;6 (5) :241-7.|[4]Duan Z, et al. Promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by D-kynurenine via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Mol Cell Biochem. 2018 Nov;448 (1-2) :165-173.