Protostemonine

Protostemonine has anti-inflammatory activity, it effectively attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo; the beneficial effects are associated with the decreased phosphorylation of MAPK and AKT and the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as iNOS, NO and cytokines. Protostemonine shows strong nematicidal activity against Panagrellus redivevus, with the IC50 value of 0.10 uM.Protostemonine attenuates LPS/GalN-induced acute liver failure and upregulating HO-1 expression is implicated in its hepatoprotective activity. Protostemonine shows significant antitussive activity in a citric acid-induced guinea pig cough model following peripheral administration.