Cytisine

Cytisine is an alkaloid that is found naturally in several plant genera such as Laburnum and Cytisus of the family Fabaceae. Recent studies have shown it to be a more effective and significantly more affordable smoking cessation treatment than nicotine replacement therapy. Also known as baptitoxine or sophorine, cytisine has been used as a smoking cessation treatment since 1964, and is relatively unknown in regions outside of central and Eastern Europe. Cytisine is a partial nicotinic acetylcholine agonist with a half-life of 4.8 hours. Recent Phase III clinical trials using Tabex (a brand of Cytisine marketed by Sopharma AD) have shown similar efficacy to varenicline, but at a fraction of the cost. (In Vitro) :Cytisinicline (Cytisine) (2.5, 5 and 10 mM) is capable of inducing apoptosis in HepG2 cells.Treatment with Cytisinicline (Cytisine) increases the percentage of cells in the sub-G1 phase (P<0.01) . The preincubation of HepG2 cells with Cytisinicline (Cytisine) (2.5, 5 and 10 mM) significantly increases the sub-G1 cell population. (In Vivo) :Cytisinicline (Cytisine) (5 mg/kg, i.p.) eat less and gain less weight than those that receive the vehicle.Total pellet intake increases during Cytisinicline (Cytisine) substitution relative to nicotine and animals self-administered Cytisine significantly less than nicotine.