Metoclopramide hydrochloride

Metoclopramide hydrochloride is a selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. (In Vitro) :Metoclopramide (0.01-10 μM) hydrochloride hydrate stimulates aldosterone release in isolated perfused rat zona glomerulosa cells.Metoclopramide hydrochloride hydrate results in prokinesis by four mechanisms: inhibition of presynaptic D2 receptors and stimulation of presynaptic excitatory 5-HT4 receptors, thereby allowing acetylcholine (ACh) release from intrinsic cholinergic motor neurons; inhibition of D2 postsynaptic receptors; and antagonism of the presynaptic inhibition of muscarinic receptors, leading to further augmentation of ACh release. (In Vivo) :Metoclopramide (6.7 μg/g; s.c. daily for 50 days) hydrochloride hydrate significantly increases the number and the volume of lactotroph cells of the pituitary gland during all phases of the estrous cycle.Metoclopramide (5-40 mg/kg; i.p.) hydrochloride hydrate induces catalepsy and antagonizes Apomorphine induced cage climbing behaviour in mice.Metoclopramide (1.25-2.5 mg/kg; i.p.) hydrochloride hydrate induces stereotyped cage climbing behaviour in mice.