Clarithromycin

An antibiotic by acting as a protein synthesis inhibitor; binds to 23S rRNA, a component of the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thus inhibiting the translation of peptides; also attenuates autophagy in cancer cells.Bacterial Infection Approved (In Vitro) :Clarithromycin produces a similar concentration-dependent block with an IC50 of 45.7 μM.Clarithromycin induces the formation of numerous intracytoplasmic vacuoles after 24 h, in all cell lines, especially in HCT116 cells. Prolonged treatment with Clarithromycin (40, 80, and 160 μM) alters cell proliferation and triggers apoptotic cell death in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Inhibition of cell proliferation is potentiated when Clarithromycin is re-added to the cells. In particular, 160 μM Clarithromycin, re-added after 48 h of incubation, produces an arrest of cell proliferation at 72 h. Similar effects are obtained in LS174T cells.Clarithromycin (80 and 160 μM; 48 hours) strongly increases the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with a maximum at 24 h of treatment. This effect is accompanied by a decrease of p62/SQSTM1. (In Vivo) :Clarithromycin at 200 mg/kg has activity against four tested in vivo.