Idebenone

Idebenone is a synthetic analog of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and a brain stimulant. (In Vitro) :Idebenone, a compound with protective efficacy against neurotoxicity both in in vitro and in in vivo models, exists in two different oxidative states: the ubiquinol-derivative (reduced idebenone) and the ubiquinone-derivative (oxidised idebenone) .Idebenone (oxidised form) preferentially inhibits cyclooxygenase vs. lipoxygenase metabolism (IC50 ratio lipoxygenase/cyclooxygenase: 3.22) .Idebenone (oxidised form) behaves similarly as indomethacin and piroxicam—two typical anti-inflammatory agents.Idebenone (oxidised form) inhibits total arachidonic acid metabolism, cyclooxygenase metabolism, lipoxygenase metabolism, lipoxygenase/cyclooxygenase with IC50s of 16.65±3.48, 14.44±2.99, 46.51±7.20, and 3.22 μM.Idebenone (1-10 μM; for 24-72 h) has no effect on the cell viability of SHSY-5Y cells.Idebenone (25 μM or higher concentrations; for 24-72 h) shows significant reduction in cell viability of SHSY-5Y cells. Idebenone (30 μM) induces up-regulation of BAX expression and the caspase-3 activity. (In Vivo) :Idebenone (oxidised form) is a compound with protective efficacy against cerebrovascular disorders in vivo, including cerebral ischemia and hypertension-induced vascular lesions.