Ipratropium bromide monohydrate

Ipratropium Bromide is a muscarinic antagonist, bronchodilator, N-Isopropyl salt of atropine. (In Vitro) :Ipratropium bromide hydrate (1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM; 15 min) exerts its toxic effects via disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential.Ipratropium bromide hydrate (1 nM-1 μM; 4 h) increases infarct size in isolated perfused heart ischaemia/reperfusion experiments with a dose-responsive manner (EC50=22.7 nM) .Ipratropium bromide hydrate (0.001 nM-0.1 mM; 2 h) inhibits adult rat cardiac myocyte growth after 4 h hypoxia treatment. (In Vivo) :Ipratropium bromide hydrate (1.0 μg/kg; i.v.; single dose) enhances vagal nerve stimulation induing bronchoconstriction.Ipratropium bromide hydrate (0.04 mg/20 mL and 0.20 mg/20 mL; inhalation for 30 min, rate=30 mL/30 min) can protect the lungs against the cadmium-induced acute neutrophilic inflammation by reducing the parenchyma inflammatory infiltration of neutrophils.