HTHQ

HX-1171, also known as HTHQ, is a lipid peroxidation inhibitor potentially for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. HTHQ and vitamin E attenuated interleukin-1beta-induced iNOS protein expression in cultured hepatocytes, the potency of HTHQ being 10-times higher than that of vitamin E. HTHQ may prevent tumor production induced by AP and NaNO2 more effectively than ascorbic acid. (In Vitro) :HTHQ (0-100 μM; 24 hours; PC12 cells) treatment increases cell viabilities in a dose-dependent manner.HTHQ (10 μM; 0.6-24 hours; PC12 cells) inhibits 3,4-L-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) -induced phosphorylation of sustaines extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2) . HTHQ also normalizes L-DOPA-reduced Bcl-2-associated death protein (Bad) phosphorylation and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) expression, promoting cell survival. (In Vivo) :HTHQ (50-200 mg/kg; oral administration; for 4 weeks; specific pathogen-free male Sprague Dawley rats) treatment significantly improves liver weight and serum chemistry level. HTHQ reduces hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde level in the liver. HTHQ treatment also reduces fibrotic septa. HTHQ administration shows reduced mRNA level of PDGF (Plateletderived growth factor), α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) and TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) than DMN-induced hepetic fibrosis animals in the liver tissue.