Echinatin

Echinatin disturb the mitochondrial energy transfer reactions and membrane permeability, at a low concentration cause deterioration of respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation of isolated rat liver mitochondria, inhibits DNP-ATPase activity while stimulating range latent ATPase activity. Echinatin has significant antioxidant activities, it shows strong scavenging activity toward the ABTS + radical, it also dose-dependently inhibits LPS induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in RAW 264.7 cells and inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in LPS-induced macrophage cells.