Miltirone

Miltirone is a CYPs inhibitor, it has been characterized as a low-affinity ligand for central benzodiazepine receptors.Miltirone inhibited multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein (P-gp) -overexpressing CEM/ADR5000 cells better than drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM wild-type cells, a phenomenon termed collateral sensitivity. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that Miltirone induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, Miltirone stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption, which in turn induced DNA damage and activation of caspases and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) . Downregulation of CCNB1 (cyclin B1) and CDC2 mRNA and upregulation of CDKN1A (p21) mRNA were in accord with Miltirone-induced G2/M arrest. Moreover, Miltirone decreased cell adherence to fibronectin. Molecular docking revealed that Miltirone bound to the ATP-binding site of IKK-β.