Dacomitinib hydrate

Dacomitinib hydrate is a highly selective and second-generation small-molecule inhibitor of the pan-epidermal growth factor receptor family of tyrosine kinases. Dacomitinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits human EGFR subtypes, resulting in inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in EGFR-expressing tumor cells. (In Vitro) :Dacomitinib (PF00299804) effectively inhibits the in vitro kinase activity of wild-type EGFR (IC50=6 nM) with similar efficacy. Dacomitinib also effectively inhibits wild-type ERBB2 with IC50 of 45.7 nM. In H441, an IC50 is reached with Dacomitinib but only at a very high concentration (4 μM) and likely reflects off-target effects. In cell lines wild-type for both EGFR and K-ras (H322, H1819, and Calu-3), ZD1839 and Dacomitinib both effectively inhibit growth of H1819 and Calu-3 cells but not of H322 cells. Dacomitinib is a pan-ERBB inhibitor and most EGFR mutant cell lines express multiple ERBB family members, the effects on EGFR phosphorylation could potentially be indirect. Dacomitinib inhibits EGFR phosphorylation in all of the different EGFR T790M proteins whereas ZD1839 is ineffective even at 10 μM. In the NIH3T3 cells, phosphorylation of EGFR L858R/T790M is completely inhibited by 1 nM Dacomitinib, whereas 100 nM or greater is required to inhibit EGFR WT/T790M or Del/T790M. The HER2-amplified cell lines are most sensitive to growth inhibition by Dacomitinib (IC50<1 μM in 14 of 16 lines; 87.5%) as compared with 5 of 28 (17.9%) of HER2-nonamplified lines (excluding immortalized lines) . (In Vivo) :To evaluate the efficacy of Dacomitinib, xenografts in nu/nu mice are generated using HCC827 GFP and HCC827 Del/T790M cells and treated the mice with Dacomitinib. Dacomitinib (10 mg/kg/d by daily oral gavage) effectively inhibits the growth of HCC827 GFP xenografts. In contrast, HCC827 Del/T790M xenografts are resistant to ZD1839, whereas Dacomitinib treatment is substantially more effective at inhibiting growth of this xenograft model.