Canertinib

Canertinib is a pan-erbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor which work against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Canertinib treatment significantly affects tumour metabolism, proliferation and hypoxia as determined by PET. (In Vitro) :Canertinib significantly inhibits growth of cultured melanoma cells, RaH3 and RaH5, in a dose-dependent manner. IC50 is approximately 0.8 μM and by 5μM both cell lines are completely growth-arrested within 72 h of treatment. Incubation of exponentially growing RaH3 and RaH5 with 1 μM canertinib accumulated the cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle within 24 h of treatment without induction of apoptosis. 1 μM canertinib inhibits ErbB1-3 receptor phosphorylation with a concomitant decrease of Akt-, Erk1/2- and Stat3 activity in both cell lines.Canertinib also is a potent activator of exosome secretion. (In Vivo) :Canertinib shows superior in vivo antitumor activity, giving growth delays in A431 xenografts exceeding 50 days following oral administration. The growth of human malignant melanoma xenografts, RaH3 and RaH5, in nude mice is significantly inhibited by i.p. injections of 40 mg/kg/day canertinib (Fig. 4) . The anti-proliferative effect on melanoma xenografts is visible already within 4 days of treatment and further increased throughout the treatment period as observed through the differences in tumor volumes, reaching statistical significance within 18 days of treatment.