Equisetin

Equisetin is an N-methylserine-derived acyltramic acid isolated from the terrestrial fungus Fusarium equiseti NRRL 5537. As a tetrad-containing natural product, it has antibacterial and antiviral activities, inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and HIV-1 integrase activity, but not Gram-negative bacteria. Equisetin is a quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) that attenuates the QS-regulated virulence phenotype in Pseudomonas aeruginosa without affecting bacterial growth, and is a leading compound for studying Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. In addition, equisetin inhibits the enzymatic activity of 11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11b-HSD1) without affecting food intake, blood pressure, or heart rate, exerting anti-obesity effects on adipose tissue[1][2][3][4][5].

[1]Burmeister HR, et al. Antibiotic produced by Fusarium equiseti NRRL 5537. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 Jun;5(6):634-9.|[2]Vesonder RF, et al. Equisetin, an antibiotic from Fusarium equiseti NRRL 5537, identified as a derivative of N-methyl-2, 4-pyrollidone. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1979 Jul;32(7):759-61.|[3]Lee J, et al. The hierarchy quorum sensing network in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Protein Cell. 2015 Jan;6(1):26-41.|[4]Zhang M, et al. Equisetin as potential quorum sensing inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biotechnol Lett. 2018 May;40(5):865-870.|[5]Xu Z, et al. Equisetin is an anti-obesity candidate through targeting 11β-HSD1[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 2022, 12(5): 2358-2373.