Human TNF Alpha/Tumor necrosis factor ELISA Kit PicoKine®, Carrier-free

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, or TNF) is secreted by macrophages in response to inflammation, infection and cancer. Human Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) are cytotoxic proteins which have similar biological activities and share 30% amino acid homology. TNF-alpha is produced by monocytes, which can stimulate endothelial cells to produce the multilineage growth factor granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and extend the role of this immunoregulatory protein to the regulation of hematopoiesis in vitro. TNF is a soluble protein that causes damage to tumor cells but has no effect on normal cells. Human TNF has been purified to apparent homogeneity as a 17.3-kilodalton protein from HL-60 leukemia cells and has showed cytotoxic and cytostatic activities against various human tumor cell lines. The human TNF cDNA is 1585 base pairs in length and encodes a protein of 233 amino acids. The mature protein begins at residue 77, leaving a long leader sequence of 76 amino acids. TNF-alpha has been mapped to human chromosome 6.

<table cellpadding="3"><tr><th>Lots</th><th>Lot 1 (pg/ml)</th><th>Lot 2 (pg/ml)</th><th>Lot 3 (pg/ml)</th><th>Lot 4 (pg/ml)</th><th>Mean (pg/ml)</th><th>Standard Deviation</th><th>CV (%)</th></tr><tr><td>Sample 1</td><td>16</td><td>15</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>15</td><td>0.5</td><td>3.3%</td></tr><tr><td>Sample 2</td><td>82</td><td>91</td><td>75</td><td>89</td><td>84</td><td>6.29</td><td>7.4%</td></tr><tr><td>Sample 3</td><td>201</td><td>204</td><td>215</td><td>219</td><td>209</td><td>7.46</td><td>3.5%</td></tr></table>*number of samples for each test n=16.

Tumor necrosis factor;Cachectin;TNF-alpha;Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2;TNF-a;Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form;N-terminal fragment;NTF;Intracellular domain 1;ICD1;Intracellular domain 2;ICD2;C-domain 1;C-domain 2;Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form;TNF;TNFA, TNFSF2;

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918). .

Description|Quantity Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate|1 Standard|2 vials Biotinylated antibody (100x)|100ul Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x)|100ul Sample Diluent|30ml Antibody Diluent|12ml Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent|12ml Color Developing Reagent (TMB)|10ml Stop Solution|10ml Wash Buffer (25x)|20ml Adhesive plate sealers|4

Store at 4℃ for 6 months, at -20℃ for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles (Ships with gel ice, can store for up to 3 days in room temperature. Freeze upon receiving.)