D-Ala-D-Ala

D-Ala-D-Ala is present at the stem end of the peptidoglycan side-chain pentapeptide found in the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria. D-Ala-D-Ala stem ends are the interaction sites of glycopeptide antibiotics such as vancomycin and teicoplanin. D-alanine-D-alanine is a substrate used to study the kinetics of the UDPMurNAc-tripeptide D-alanyl-D-alanine addition (ligase) enzyme.D-Ala-D-Ala (terminal part of bacterial peptidoglycan) is used for affinity chromatography and binding mechanism studies of antibiotics such as teicoplanin, ristocetinin, vancomycin, etc.