Anti-TIE2/TEK Antibody Picoband®, HRP Conjugate

TIE2, also known as TEK tyrosine kinase, is mapped to 9p21.2. This gene encodes a receptor that belongs to the protein tyrosine kinase Tie2 family. The encoded protein possesses a unique extracellular region that contains two immunoglobulin-like domains, three epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains and three fibronectin type III repeats. The ligand angiopoietin-1 binds to this receptor and mediates a signaling pathway that functions in embryonic vascular development. Immunoblotting showed that TIE2 expression was increased by thyroid-stimulating hormone and agents that increased intracellular cAMP. HSCs expressing the receptor tyrosine kinase TIE2 are quiescent and antiapoptotic and comprise a side population of HSCs that adhere to osteoblasts in the bone marrow niche.

Angiopoietin-1 receptor; Endothelial tyrosine kinase; Tunica interna endothelial cell kinase; Tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domains-2; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TEK; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TIE-2; hTIE2; p140 TEK; CD202b; TEK; TIE2; VMCM; VMCM1

Detected in umbilical vein endothelial cells. Proteolytic processing gives rise to a soluble extracellular domain that is detected in blood plasma (at protein level). Predominantly expressed in endothelial cells and their progenitors, the angioblasts. Has been ly found in placenta and lung, with a lower level in umbilical vein endothelial cells, brain and kidney.

Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for ANGPT1, ANGPT2 and ANGPT4 and regulates angiogenesis, endothelial cell survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion and cell spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, but also maintenance of vascular quiescence. Has anti-inflammatory effects by preventing the leakage of proinflammatory plasma proteins and leukocytes from blood vessels. Required for normal angiogenesis and heart development during embryogenesis. Required for post-natal hematopoiesis. After birth, activates or inhibits angiogenesis, depending on the context. Inhibits angiogenesis and promotes vascular stability in quiescent vessels, where endothelial cells have tight contacts. In quiescent vessels, ANGPT1 oligomers recruit TEK to cell-cell contacts, forming complexes with TEK molecules from adjoining cells, and this leads to preferential activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the AKT1 signaling cascades. In migrating endothelial cells that lack cell-cell adhesions, ANGT1 recruits TEK to contacts with the extracellular matrix, leading to the formation of focal adhesion complexes, activation of PTK2/FAK and of the downstream kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1, and ultimately to the stimulation of sprouting angiogenesis. ANGPT1 signaling triggers receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation at specific tyrosine residues that then serve as binding sites for scaffold proteins and effectors. Signaling is modulated by ANGPT2 that has lower affinity for TEK, can promote TEK autophosphorylation in the absence of ANGPT1, but inhibits ANGPT1-mediated signaling by competing for the same binding site. Signaling is also modulated by formation of heterodimers with TIE1, and by proteolytic processing that gives rise to a soluble TEK extracellular domain. The soluble extracellular domain modulates signaling by functioning as decoy receptor for angiopoietins. TEK phosphorylates DOK2, GRB7, GRB14, PIK3R1; SHC1 and TIE1.

1. Arai, F., Hirao, A., Ohmura, M., Sato, H., Matsuoka, S., Takubo, K., Ito, K., Koh, G. Y., Suda, T. Tie2/Angiopoietin-1 signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence in the bone marrow niche. Cell 118: 149-161, 2004. 2. Ramsden, J. D., Cocks, H. C., Shams, M., Nijjar, S., Watkinson, J. C., Sheppard, M. C., Ahmed, A., Eggo, M. C. Tie-2 is expressed on thyroid follicular cells, is increased in goiter, and is regulated by thyrotropin through cyclic adenosine 3-prime,5-prime-monophosphate. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 86: 2709-2716, 2001.

Store at -20℃ for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4℃ for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20℃ for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.