Anti-MD-2 LY96 Monoclonal Antibody [1A2E3]

MD-2 is a member of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) family, a group of proteins that include the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) . TLRs are signaling molecules that recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR4, the major signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS), requires the binding of MD-2 to its extracellular region for maximal response to LPS. The specificity of this response is determined by the species of MD-2; e.g., human MD-2 transfected into mouse cells can cause mouse TLR4 to react to LPS analogs that are normally antagonistic to human but not mouse TLR4.

Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:17803912, PubMed:17569869) . Cooperates with TLR4 in the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and with TLR2 in the response to cell wall components from Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:11160242, PubMed:11593030) . Enhances TLR4-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:10359581) . Cells expressing both LY96 and TLR4, but not TLR4 alone, respond to LPS (PubMed:10359581) .