Anti-IL-37 Antibody

Interleukin 37 (IL-37) is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family (reviewed in 1) . It can bind to, and may be a ligand for interleukin 18 receptor (IL18R1/IL-1Rrp) . IL-37 also binds to interleukin 18 binding protein (IL18BP), an inhibitory binding protein of interleukin 18 (IL18), and subsequently forms a complex with IL18 receptor beta subunit, and through which it inhibits the activity of IL18 (1) . IL-37 can also interact with Smad3 and expression of IL-37 in macrophages or epithelial cells resulted in near complete suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that IL-37 may act as a natural suppressor of the innate inflammatory and immune responses (2,3) .

IL-37 antibody is human specific. Multiple isoforms of IL-37 are known to exist; this antibody will only detect the largest isoform. IL-37 antibody is predicted to not cross-react with IL-36.

IL-37 antibody was raised against a 17 amino acid peptide near the amino terminus of human IL-37. The immunogen is located within amino acids 30 - 80 of IL-37 .

In general, low constitutive expression, if any, in healthy tissues; high expression in inflammatory counterparts, including in synovial tissues from individuals with active rheumatoid arthritis. Isoform A, isoform B and isoform C are expressed in testis, colon, placenta, lung and lymph node. Isoform D and isoform E were found only in testis and bone marrow. Whereas only isoform A is found in brain, only isoform B in kidney and only isoform C in heart.

Suppressor of innate inflammatory and immune responses involved in curbing excessive inflammation. This function requires SMAD3. Suppresses, or reduces, proinflammatory cytokine production, including IL1A and IL6, as well as CCL12, CSF1, CSF2, CXCL13, IL1B, IL23A and IL1RN, but spares anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibits dendritic cell activation.