Anti-CXCR4 Antibody

CXCR4 signaling plays an important role in the migration, proliferation and quiescence of hematopoietic stem cell and their retention within the bone marrow, where it has high levels of SDF-1/CXCL12 (2) . It has been demonstrated that CXCR4 signaling mediates CD20 up-regulation on B cells (3) . CXCR4 is highly expressed in more than 23 types of cancer, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, melanoma, and prostate cancer, while there is very less or no expression of CXCR4 in healthy tissues. CXCR4 expression in cancer cells has been reported to be associated with tumor survival, growth and metastasis in tissues with high levels of SDF-1/CXCL12, such as lungs, liver and bone marrow (4,5) . CXCR4 has been shown to regulate neuronal migration, cell positioning and axon wiring (6,7) . CXCR4 mutant mice displayed aberrant neuronal distribution, which implicates the role in neuronal disorders such as epilepsy. CXCR4 is also involved in WHIM syndrome (8) . WHIM mutations in CXCR4 were recently found in patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and these mutations are correlated to clinical resistance to ibrutinib (9,10) .

Anti-CXCR4 antibody was raised against a peptide corresponding to 14 amino acids near the amino terminus of human CXCR4 isoform b. The immunogen is located within the first 50 amino acids of CXCR4.

Expressed in numerous tissues, such as peripheral blood leukocytes, spleen, thymus, spinal cord, heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, cerebellum, cerebral cortex and medulla (in microglia as well as in astrocytes), brain microvascular, coronary artery and umbilical cord endothelial cells. Isoform 1 is predominant in all tissues tested.

Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation (PubMed:10452968, PubMed:28978524, PubMed:18799424, PubMed:24912431) . Involved in the AKT signaling cascade (PubMed:24912431) . Plays a role in regulation of cell migration, e.g. during wound healing (PubMed:28978524) . Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels (PubMed:20228059) . Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes (PubMed:11276205) . Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation. Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells. Involved in cerebellar development. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal- neuron survival (By similarity) .

CXCR4 antibody can be stored at 4°C for three months and -20°C, stable for up to one year. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.