Human TGF-β protein, His tag (Animal-Free)

TGF-β is a complex of two proteins, the inactive binding protein (LAP) and TGF-β, derived from the cleavage activation of a common 75 kDa precursor protein. LAP proteins regulate TGF-β activity spatially and temporally by isolating TGF-β along with latent TGF-β-binding protein (LTBP) in the extracellular matrix. Many stimuli, such as proteases, platelet-reactive protein-1, reactive oxygen species, and certain integrins, activate TGF-β release. Activated TGF-β binds to Tβ RII homodimers, which then form complexes with TβRI homodimers. This oligoreceptor complex phosphorylates part of the Smad protein, which subsequently induces or inhibits many target genes. TGF-β binding also activates the Erk2, p38, and Jnk pathways via TAK1. Activated TGF-β activity includes proliferation, angiogenesis, and promotion or inhibition of many immune activities. Latent TGF-β binds to GARP on the surface of regulatory T cells and may directly produce its immunosuppressive activity

Measure by its ability to inhibit IL-4-induce proliferation in HT-2 cells.The ED₅₀ for this effect is <0.1 ng/mL.The specific activity of recombinant human TGF beta 1 is approximately >5 x 10⁷ IU/mg. Measure by its ability to induce proliferation in MCF-7 cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is <3.2 ng/mL.

The product listed herein is for research use only and is not intended for use in human or clinical diagnosis. Suggested applications of our products are not recommendations to use our products in violation of any patent or as a license. We cannot be responsible for patent infringements or other violations that may occur with the use of this product.

Lyophilized protein product should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution, the protein should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (5% HSA , 10%FBS or 0.1%BSA) . Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles

The protein was lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution containing 20 mM sodium citrate and 0.2 M NaCl, pH 4.5. If you have any concerns or special requirements, please confirm with us.

Always centrifuge tubes before opening. It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized recombinant human TGF-β1 protein to a concentration of 0.1-1 mg/mL in sterile ddH2O, and keep at room temperature for at least 20 min to fully dissolve. Please avoid vortex vigorously