TAT-cyclo-CLLFVY

This small molecule selectively inhibits HIF-1 dimerization by disrupting the HIF-1α/HIF-1β protein-protein interaction (IC50 = 1.3 μM), without affecting HIF-2α. It suppresses hypoxia-induced HIF-1 activity, reducing expression of downstream targets like VEGF and CAIX in cancer cell lines, and impairs tubularization in hypoxic HUVECs in vitro.