Anti-GNA13 Antibody

Expressed in testis, including in Leydig cells and in the seminiferous epithelium, in differentiating cells from the spermatogonia to mature spermatozoa stages and round spermatids (at protein level) . Expressed in 99.2% of spermatozoa from healthy individuals, but only in 28.6% of macrocephalic spermatozoa from infertile patients (at protein level) .

The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen and the purity is > 95% (by SDS-PAGE) .

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:27084452) . Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF1/p115RhoGEF, ARHGEF11/PDZ-RhoGEF and ARHGEF12/LARG) (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:12515866) . GNA13-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1) (By similarity) . Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway (PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:27084452) . Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho activation (PubMed:11976333) .