Verrucarin A

Verrucarin A is a macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxin from Myrothecium sp. It is being investigated as it modulates amyloid-beta production in Alzheimer's patients neurons (1). It is a potent and selective inhibitor of the steroid receptor coactivator-3 and selectively down-regulates its expression (2). It is cytotoxic to multiple types of cancer cells at low nM concentrations (IC50=4.9 nM for HepG2 cells) but not toward normal liver cells (2,3). It enhances TNFα-induced (4) and TRAIL-induced apoptosis (5). It reduces phosphorylation of IREα and inhibits tunicamycin-induced ER stress in FaO rat liver cells (6).

1. Kondo T., et al. (2022) Sci Rep. 12(1): 2690: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35236875/ 2. F Yan et al. PLOS One 2014 9(4):e95243 3. K Palanivel et al. Tumour Biol. 2014 35:10159 4. RG Jayasooriya et al. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2013 36:303 5. D-O Moon et al. Toxicol. In Vitro 2013 27:257 6. EY Bae et al. Molecules 2015 20:8989