MCSF Polyclonal Antibody

M-CSF, also known as CSF-1, is a four-alpha -helical-bundle cytokine that is the primary regulator of macrophage survival, proliferation and differentiation. M-CSF protein is also essential for the survival and proliferation of osteoclast progenitors. M-CSF also primes and enhances macrophage killing of tumor cells and microorganisms, regulates the release of cytokines and other inflammatory modulators from macrophages, and stimulates pinocytosis. M-CSF increases during pregnancy to support implantation and growth of the decidua and placenta. Sources of M-CSF include fibroblasts, activated macrophages, endometrial secretory epithelium, bone marrow stromal cells and activated endothelial cells. The M-CSF receptor (c-fms) transduces its pleotropic effects and mediates its endocytosis. M-CSF mRNAs of various sizes occur. Full length mouse M-CSF transcripts encode a 520 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane (TM) protein with a 462 aa extracellular region, a 21 aa TM domain, and a 37 aa cytoplasmic tail that forms a 140 kDa covalent dimer. Differential processing produces two proteolytically cleaved, secreted dimers. One is an N- and O- glycosylated 86 kDa dimer, while the other is modified by both glycosylation and chondroitin-sulfate proteoglycan (PG) to generate a 200 kDa subunit. Although PG-modified M-CSF protein can circulate, it may be immobilized by attachment to type V collagen. Shorter transcripts encode M‑CSF that lacks cleavage and PG sites and produces an N-glycosylated 68 kDa TM dimer and a slowly produced 44 kDa secreted dimer. Although forms may vary in activity and half-life, all contain the N-terminal 150 aa portion that is necessary and sufficient for interaction with the M-CSF receptor. The first 229 aa of mature mouse M-CSF shares 87%, 83%, 82% and 81% aa identity with corresponding regions of rat, dog, cow and human M-CSF, respectively. Human M‑CSF is active in the mouse, but mouse M-CSF is reported to be species-specific.

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor; TNFSF; Ath; Ath1; Ath-1; CD134; CD134L; CSF-1; gp3; gp34; Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1; MCSF; M-CSF; OX4; OX-40L; TNFSF4; Tnlg2b; Txgp; TXGP1; Txgp1l; Csfm; Csf1; Ath-; Txgp