TMEM173 ELISA Kit (Human)

Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay) : 3 samples with low, middle and high level Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) were tested 20 times on one plate, respectively. Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays) : 3 samples with low, middle and high level Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) were tested on 3 different plates, 8 replicates in each plate. CV (%) = SD/meanX100 Intra-Assay: CV<10% Inter-Assay: CV<12%

Endoplasmic reticulum IFN stimulator; endoplasmic reticulum interferon stimulator; ERIS; hMITA; hSTING; Mediator of IRF3 activation; MITA; mitochondrial mediator of IRF3 activation; MPYS; NET23; N-terminal methionine-proline-tyrosine-serine plasma membrane tetraspanner; SAVI; stimulator of interferon genes protein; stimulator of interferon protein; STING; STING-beta; TMEM173; transmembrane protein 173.

Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) . Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm. Acts by recognizing and binding cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol: upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, autoinhibition is alleviated and TMEM173/STING is able to activate both NF-kappa-B and IRF3 transcription pathways to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state. May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons. May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) . Mediates death signaling via activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Essential for the induction of IFN-beta in response to human herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1) infection. Exhibits 2',3' phosphodiester linkage-specific ligand recognition. Can bind both 2'-3' linked cGAMP and 3'-3' linked cGAMP but is preferentially activated by 2'-3' linked cGAMP (PubMed:26300263) .

The test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) . Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) . Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173), biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm +/- 10nm. The concentration of Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve.

Reconstitution & Storage Instructions Western Blotting/Immunoblotting (WB/IB) Protocol Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Protocol Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) Protocol Blocking Peptide Competition Protocol (BPCP) Immunoprecipitation (IP) Protocol Antibody Array (AA) Protocol Reconstitution & Storage Instructions Reconstitution & Storage Instructions Western Blotting/Immunoblotting (WB/IB) Protocol Western Blotting/Immunoblotting (WB/IB) Protocol Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Protocol Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Protocol Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) Protocol Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) Protocol Blocking Peptide Competition Protocol (BPCP) Blocking Peptide Competition Protocol (BPCP) Immunoprecipitation (IP) Protocol Immunoprecipitation (IP) Protocol Antibody Array (AA) Protocol Antibody Array (AA) Protocol

Matrix Recovery Range (%) Average (%) _x005F serum (n=5) 81-103 90 _x005F EDTA plasma (n=5) 78-89 82 _x005F heparin plasma (n=5) 83-92 88 _x005F Matrix Recovery Range (%) Average (%) Matrix Recovery Range (%) Average (%) serum (n=5) 81-103 90 serum (n=5) 81-103 90 EDTA plasma (n=5) 78-89 82 EDTA plasma (n=5) 78-89 82 heparin plasma (n=5) 83-92 88 heparin plasma (n=5) 83-92 88

Component Amount _x005F Anti-TMEM173 Microplate 96 Wells (12 x 8 Well Strips) _x005F TMEM173 Lyophilized Standard 2 x 10 ng _x005F 100X Biotinylated TMEM173 Detector Antibody 120 uL _x005F Avidin/HRP Conjugate 120 uL _x005F Standard Diluent 1 x 20 mL _x005F Detector Antibody Diluent 1 x 12 mL _x005F Conjugate Diluent 1 x 12 mL _x005F 30X Wash Buffer 1 x 20 mL _x005F TMB Substrate 1 x 9 mL _x005F Stop Solution 1 x 6 mL _x005F Component Amount Component Amount Anti-TMEM173 Microplate 96 Wells (12 x 8 Well Strips) Anti-TMEM173 Microplate 96 Wells (12 x 8 Well Strips) TMEM173 Lyophilized Standard 2 x 10 ng TMEM173 Lyophilized Standard 2 x 10 ng 100X Biotinylated TMEM173 Detector Antibody 120 uL 100X Biotinylated TMEM173 Detector Antibody 120 uL Avidin/HRP Conjugate 120 uL Avidin/HRP Conjugate 120 uL Standard Diluent 1 x 20 mL Standard Diluent 1 x 20 mL Detector Antibody Diluent 1 x 12 mL Detector Antibody Diluent 1 x 12 mL Conjugate Diluent 1 x 12 mL Conjugate Diluent 1 x 12 mL 30X Wash Buffer 1 x 20 mL 30X Wash Buffer 1 x 20 mL TMB Substrate 1 x 9 mL TMB Substrate 1 x 9 mL Stop Solution 1 x 6 mL Stop Solution 1 x 6 mL

This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) ._x005F No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) and analogues was observed.