Rhein-13C4
Product Specifications
CAS Number
1189928-10-6
Target
Autophagy|||Apoptosis|||Reactive Oxygen Species|||Antibacterial
Related Pathways
Metabolism|||Immunology/Inflammation|||Microbiology/Virology|||Apoptosis|||NF-?B|||Autophagy
Bioactivity
Rhein-13C4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of rhein by GC- or LC-MS. Rhein is an anti-inflammatory anthraquinone found in rhubarb and is the bioactive derivative of its prodrug diacerein . At 10 ?M, rhein inhibits IL-1? signaling, suppressing signaling through NF-?B, and reduces the expression of the matrix metalloproteases MMP-1 and MMP-13.1 It inhibits IKK? (IC50 = 11.8 ?M), decreasing iNOS and IL-6 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages but paradoxically increasing TNF-?, IL-1?, and HMBG1 expression.2 Rhein shows efficacy against pancreatic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis, and hyperglycemia-induced pancreatic ?-cell apoptosis.3,4 It also inhibits angiogenesis of breast cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.5
Smiles
Oc1cccc2C(=O)c3[13cH]c([13cH][13c](O)c3C(=O)c12)[13C](O)=O
Molecular Formula
C15H8O6
Molecular Weight
288.192
Shipping Conditions
Cool pack
Storage Temperature
-20°C
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