Taurolithocholic acid

Taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (TLC-S) induces Ca2+ signaling in isolated murine pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) . Ca2+ oscillations occur at concentrations as low as 25 μM and are triggered in nearly all cells at 200 μM. At 300–500 μM, Taurolithocholic produces prolonged Ca2+ elevations that begin with intracellular Ca2+ release and are sustained by extracellular Ca2+ influx. Other bile salts, including taurodeoxycholate (TDC) and taurocholate (TC), can also stimulate local and global Ca2+ oscillations but only at much higher concentrations (approximately 1 mM and 5 mM) . Taurolithocholic is a potent Ca2+-releasing bile acid tested in PACs and is uniquely effective at inducing Ca2+-independent ionic currents even at low micromolar levels. Therefore implicating Taurolithocholic as a strong canidate for researches in gut metabolism.