Cyclo (L-Pro-L-Val)

Cyclo (L-Pro-L-Val), a 2,5-diketopiperazine extracted from the fruits of Mycobacterium chiliolyticum AZ2 and Mycobacterium leprae, possesses anti-inflammatory activity and virulence activity against phytopathogenic microorganisms (e.g., R. fascians LMG 3605) and inhibits Gram-positive plant pathogens.Cyclo (L-Pro-L-Val) significantly inhibited IKK? phosphorylation and I?B? and NF-?B activation as well as iNOS and COX-2 activation in a concentration Cyclo (L-Pro-L-Val) significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of IKK?, IKK?, I?B?, and NF-?B, as well as the activation of iNOS and COX-2 in a concentration-dependent manner, and is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.