Berberine sulfate

JNK, Autophagy, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species, NF-κB, Caspase, Akt, PI3K, ROS, DNA/RNA Synthesis, Others, Antibiotic, Topoisomerase, Antibacterial

MAPK, Metabolism, DNA Damage/DNA Repair, Cytoskeletal Signaling, Apoptosis, Cell Cycle/Checkpoint, NF-κB, Others, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, Immunology/Inflammation, Proteases/Proteasome, Microbiology/Virology, Autophagy

Berberine sulfate (Berberal) is a quaternary ammonium salt of the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid proto-berberines, which can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity and metabolism-related fatty liver disease.