Human CellExp™ B7-2 /CD86, human recombinant

Cluster of Differentiation 86 (CD86) also known as B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2, is a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is constitutively expressed on interdigitating dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, peripheral blood dendritic cells, memory B cells, and germinal center B cells. Additionally, B7-2 is expressed at low levels on monocytes and can be upregulated through interferon γ. CD86 is the ligand for two proteins on the T cell surface: CD28 (for autoregulation and intercellular association) and CTLA-4 (for attenuation of regulation and cellular disassociation). CD86 and CD80 together prime T cells. B7-2 was shown to promote the generation of mature APC (antigen presenting cells) repertoire and promotes APC function and survival. Furthermore, the B7 proteins are also involved in innate immune responses by activating NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages. CD86 is thus regarded as a promising candidate for immune therapy. CD86+ macrophages in Hodgkin lymphoma patients are an independent marker for potential nonresponse to first-line therapy.