SUMO3, human recombinant

SUMO modification has been implicated in functions such as nuclear transport, chromosome segregation and transcriptional regulation. SUMO functions in a manner similar to ubiquitin in that it is bound to target proteins as part of a post-translational modification system. Still, unlike ubiquitin which targets proteins for degradation, SUMO is involved in a variety of Cellular processes, for example nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and protein stability. The active recombinant SUMO-3 is derived from the precursor pro-SUMO-3 (Accession # NM_006936). Human SUMO-3 shares 47% and 87% identity with SUMO-1 and SUMO-2 respectively. SUMOylation can occur without the requirement of a specific E3 ligase activity, where SUMO is transferred directly from UbcH9 to specific substrates. SUMOylated substrates are primarily localized to the nucleus (RanGAP-1, RANBP2, PML, p53, Sp100, HIPK2) but there are also cytosolic substrates (IκBα, GLUT1, GLUT4). SUMO modification has been implicated in functions such as nuclear transport, chromosome segregation, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis and protein stability.