Spironolactone

Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist that acts on the aldosterone mineralocorticoid receptor (IC50=24 nM) and androgen receptor (IC50=77 nM), promotes podocyte autophagy and regulates pain. Spironolactone improves hypertension-related vascular hypertrophy and remodeling by reducing angiotensin II (Ang II) -induced inflammation, reduces aldosterone-induced vascular and soft tissue calcification through PIT1-dependent signaling, and alleviates vascular dysfunction in type II diabetic mice by reducing oxidative stress and restoring NO/GC signaling; at low concentrations, it and its metabolites can interfere with aldosterone biosynthesis in the adrenal cortex and inhibit voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels to exert antihypertensive effects[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[52-01-7]

Product Name Alternative

SC9420

UNSPSC

12352005

Hazard Statement

H360

Target

Androgen Receptor; Autophagy; Calcium Channel; Mineralocorticoid Receptor

Type

Reference compound

Related Pathways

Autophagy; Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Neuronal Signaling; Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor

Applications

Cancer-programmed cell death

Field of Research

Cancer; Endocrinology; Metabolic Disease; Cardiovascular Disease

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/spironolactone.html

Purity

99.63

Solubility

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL|H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL

Smiles

C[C@@]12[C@](OC3=O)(CC3)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]([C@@H](CC4=CC5=O)SC(C)=O)([H])[C@]([C@]4(CC5)C)([H])CC2

Molecular Formula

C24H32O4S

Molecular Weight

416.57

Precautions

H360

References & Citations

[1]Kim GK, et al. Oral Spironolactone in Post-teenage Female Patients with Acne Vulgaris: Practical Considerations for the Clinician Based on Current Data and Clinical Experience. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2012;5 (3) :37-50.|[2]Fagart J, et al. A new mode of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism by a potent and selective nonsteroidal molecule. J Biol Chem. 2010;285 (39) :29932-29940.|[3]Dong D, et al. Spironolactone alleviates diabetic nephropathy through promoting autophagy in podocytes. Int Urol Nephrol. 2019;51 (4) :755-764.|[4]Sachiko Sakurabayashi-Kitade , et al. Aldosterone blockade by Spironolactone improves the hypertensive vascular hypertrophy and remodeling in angiotensin II overproducing transgenic mice. Atherosclerosis. 2009 Sep;206 (1) :54-60.|[5]Jakob Voelkl , et al. Spironolactone ameliorates PIT1-dependent vascular osteoinduction in klotho-hypomorphic mice. J Clin Invest. 2013 Feb;123 (2) :812-22.|[6]Omar M E Abdel-Salam, et al. Effect of spironolactone on pain responses in mice. EXCLI J. 2010 Feb 25:9:46-57. |[7]Marcondes A B Silva, et al. Spironolactone treatment attenuates vascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice by decreasing oxidative stress and restoring NO/GC signaling. Front Physiol. 2015 Oct 5:6:269.|[8]Ryuzea Miura, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of spironolactone on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Pharmacol Sci. 2006 Jul;101 (3) :256-9.|[9]S C Cheng, et al. Effects of Spironolactone, Canrenone and Canrenoate-K on Cytochrome P450, and 11β- and 18-Hydroxylation in Bovine and Human Adrenal Cortical Mitochondria1. Endocrinology. 1976 Oct;99 (4) :1097-106.|[10]R Sorrentino. Effect of Spironolactone and Its Metabolites on Contractile Property of Isolated Rat Aorta Rings. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000 Aug;36 (2) :230-5.