S100A9 Antibody / MRP14 / Calgranulin B / Calprotectin L1H

Recognizes the L1H subunit of the Calprotectin molecule, also called S100A8/9 and MRP8/14, an intra-cytoplasmic antigen comprising of a 12kDa alpha chain and a 14kDa beta chain. Calprotectin comprises 60% of the cytoplasmic protein fraction of circulating polymorphonuclear granulocytes and is also found in monocytes, macrophages and ileal tissue eosinophils. Peripheral blood monocytes carry the antigen extra- and intracellularly, neutrophils only intracellularly. Calprotectin has antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulating and antiproliferative effects. Besides this it is a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophils. Plasma concentrations are elevated in diseases associated with increased neutrophil activity, like inflammatory bowel disease. Granulocytes terminate their existence after transmigration through the intestinal wall. Therefore calprotectin is also detectable in feces. Elevated levels of calprotectin have been observed in body fluids such as plasma, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, stools, and synovial fluid during infection and inflammatory conditions. This mAb reacts with neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and squamous mucosal epithelia and is important for identifying macrophages in tissue sections.