JNK2 Antibody (MAPK9)

JNK2 responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as c-Jun and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. In T-cells, JNK1 and JNK2 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells. JNK2 isoforms display different binding patterns: alpha-1 and alpha-2 preferentially bind to c-Jun, whereas beta-1 and beta-2 bind to ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms. JUNB is not a substrate for JNK2 alpha-2, and JUND binds only weakly to it. JNK2 is activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation by either of two dual specificity kinases, MAP2K4 and MAP2K7. It is inhibited by dual specificity phosphatases, such as DUSP1. The protein has been shown to bind to at least three scaffolding proteins, MAPK8IP1/JIP-1, MAPK8IP2/JIP-2 and MAPK8IP3/JIP-3/JSAP1. These proteins also bind other components of the JNK signaling pathway