Catestatin (rat)

Catestatin (rat) (Rat chromogranin A367–387) is a potent, reversible, noncompetitive, and noncooperative nicotinic cholinergic antagonist derived from chromogranin A (A367-387) . Catestatin (rat) inhibits norepinephrine release in rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells (IC50 = 1.2 μM), and blocks desensitization of norepinephrine release (IC50 = 0.62 μM) . Catestatin (rat) exerts antiadrenergic effects through the endothelial PI3K-AKT-eNOS pathway in rat papillary muscles and isolated cardiomyocytes. Catestatin (rat) maintains mitochondrial membrane potential in I/R cardiomyocytes and increases phosphorylation of AKT at S473, GSK3β at S9, PLB at T17, and eNOS at S1179. Catestatin (rat) reverses desensitization of 22Na+ uptake. Catestatin (rat) can be used for the study of nicotinic cholinergic receptor regulation and catecholamine release control mechanisms[1][2].

Product Specifications

Product Name Alternative

Rat chromogranin A367–387

UNSPSC

12352209

Target

Akt; nAChR

Related Pathways

Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel; Neuronal Signaling; PI3K/Akt/mTOR

Applications

Neuroscience-Neuromodulation

Field of Research

Cardiovascular Disease

Smiles

O=C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCSC)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(NCC(N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N4[C@@H](CCC4)C(NCC(N5[C@@H](CCC5)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)N

Molecular Formula

C109H173N35O28S

Molecular Weight

2453.82

References & Citations

[1]Mahata SK, et al. Desensitization of catecholamine release. The novel catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide catestatin (chromogranin a344-364) acts at the receptor to prevent nicotinic cholinergic tolerance. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 29;274 (5) :2920-8. |[2]Mahata SK, et al. Chromogranin A and its fragments in cardiovascular, immunometabolic, and cancer regulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2019 Nov;1455 (1) :34-58.