Anti-TREX1 Antibody

Trex1 is the major human 3' to 5' exonuclease which is required for checkpoint signaling after DNA damage. It is ubiquitously expressed, binds to single stranded DNA coated with replication protein A that accumulates at sites of DNA damage and recruits the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein (ATR), a checkpoint kinase, to sites of DNA damage and replication stress. Trex1 is required for ATR expression. This gene uses two different open reading frames. The upstream ORF encodes proteins which interact with ATR and localize to intranuclear foci induced by DNA damage and are essential components of the DNA damage checkpoint. The downstream ORF encodes proteins with 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and may be a subunit of human DNA polymerase III. Mutations in this gene result in Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, chilblain lupus, and Cree encephalitis.

TREX1 antibody will not cross-react with the related protein TREX2. At least three isoforms of TREX1 are known to exist; this antibody will recognize all three isoforms.

TREX1 antibody was raised against a 15 amino acid synthetic peptide near the center of human TREX1. The immunogen is located within amino acids 220 - 270 of TREX1.

Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates. Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light. During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1. NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair.

TREX1 antibody can be stored at 4°C for three months and -20°C, stable for up to one year. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.

Nucleus. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Retained in the cytoplasm through the C-terminal region (By similarity) . In response to DNA damage, translocates to the nucleus where it is specifically recruited to replication foci. Translocation to the nucleus also occurs during GZMA-mediated cell death. .